Macroeconomic concepts, interest rates, inflation, Federal Reserve policy, and economic cycles.
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Foundation terms you need to know first (42 terms)
The marginal tax rate is the tax rate applied to your very last dollar of taxable income. It's crucial for real estate investors to understand how additional income or deductions will impact their tax bill.
Real assets are physical, tangible investments such as real estate, commodities, and infrastructure, valued for their intrinsic properties and often used as an inflation hedge and portfolio diversifier.
Building investor confidence is the process of developing a strong belief in one's ability to make sound real estate investment decisions, manage risks, and achieve financial goals through continuous learning and practical experience.
Housing supply and demand refers to the fundamental economic principle that explains how the availability of homes (supply) and the desire for homes (demand) interact to determine housing prices and market conditions.
The fundamental resources—land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship—used to produce goods and services, including real estate, and are crucial for understanding economic activity and investment potential.
Complex strategies and professional concepts (43 terms)
Tax-exempt debt refers to bonds or other debt instruments issued by governmental entities or qualified private entities, where the interest earned by the bondholder is exempt from federal, and often state and local, income taxes.
A market phenomenon where a declining real estate market appears to reverse and begin an upward trend, only to quickly resume its downward trajectory, trapping investors who bought into the false recovery. It often leads to significant losses for those who misinterpret the temporary rebound as a true market bottom.
The Case-Shiller Home Price Index is a leading measure of U.S. residential real estate values, tracking changes in home prices across 20 major metropolitan areas and nationally using a repeat-sales methodology.
The Accounts Payable Turnover Ratio measures how quickly a company pays off its suppliers and short-term debts, indicating the efficiency of its working capital management and liquidity.
Other Comprehensive Income (OCI) represents revenues, expenses, gains, and losses that are excluded from net income but are recognized in comprehensive income, reflecting changes in equity from non-owner sources. It captures certain unrealized gains and losses that bypass the income statement.
Federal income tax is a tax levied by the U.S. government on an individual's or entity's earnings, including wages, salaries, investment income, and rental income from real estate. It operates on a progressive system, meaning higher earners pay a larger percentage of their income in taxes.
The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) is the monetary policy-making body of the U.S. Federal Reserve, responsible for setting interest rates and influencing the money supply to achieve maximum employment and price stability.
The Federal Reserve is the central banking system of the United States, responsible for conducting monetary policy, supervising banks, and maintaining financial stability, significantly impacting interest rates and the real estate market.
The Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) is a bureau of the U.S. Department of the Treasury responsible for safeguarding the financial system from illicit use, combating money laundering, and promoting national security.
A financial derivative is a contract whose value is derived from an underlying asset, index, or rate, used by sophisticated real estate investors for hedging risk, speculation, or arbitrage.
Financial education is the process of learning how to understand and effectively manage personal finance concepts like budgeting, saving, investing, and debt to make informed financial decisions.
Financial Emotional Intelligence is the capacity to understand and manage one's own emotions and those of others in financial decision-making, enabling rational and disciplined investment choices, especially under market pressure.
Financial hedging is an advanced risk management strategy employed by real estate investors to mitigate potential losses from adverse price movements in assets, liabilities, or future cash flows, typically using derivative instruments.
Fiscal policy refers to the government's use of spending and taxation to influence the economy, impacting factors like inflation, economic growth, and employment, which in turn affect real estate markets.
A fixed-rate mortgage is a home loan with an interest rate that remains unchanged for the entire loan term, providing stable and predictable monthly payments.
Food security is the reliable access to a sufficient quantity of affordable, nutritious food for all people at all times. For real estate investors, it signifies a critical socio-economic factor influencing property values, tenant stability, and investment opportunities in various sectors, from agricultural land to urban retail.
The foreclosure rate is a key economic indicator representing the percentage of mortgage loans that are in some stage of foreclosure within a given period, reflecting housing market health and financial distress.
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Key financial calculations, ratios, and valuation methods used to analyze real estate investments and performance.